Social Security Essay Example

Government disability Essay Example Government disability Essay Government disability Essay In 1935, alongside Social Security, the Federal Government set up the Aid to Families with Dependent Children Program (AFDC). This program offered cash to the state to assist helpless families with essential necessities. After some time many idea this program was making an underclass of poor and giving negative motivating forces to work among poor people. In 1990s this program turned into a convenient issue and it was supplanted in 1996 with another, marginally extraordinary one. The program, Temporary Assistance for the Needy Families (TANF) appeared as a square award to the states to assist them with managing neediness. Significant Moral enthusiasm for any approaches is the case that one can never put a cost on a human life; and that we as a whole should address everybody’s necessities and government assistance. What's more, everybody has the privilege to be entitled of these advantages. In acknowledgment of these significant good interests, society has a commitment to put impressive incentive on human life, to set up an arrangement of equity that serves well however many people as could reasonably be expected, and to give as wide a variety of social open doors as conceivable to permit singular people to boost selfâ ­ acknowledgment. However it is unreasonable to hoist these significant good interests to the most significant level of social commitment  ­that is, to fundamental standards of social approach.

Trace the Roots of Conflict in Iraq Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Follow the Roots of Conflict in Iraq - Essay Example The detail of the announcement is outlined in the later piece of the paper with satisfactory supporting confirmations. Prologue to International connections: Rules and guidelines assume an in obvious job in the advancement of a general public. A gainful yield of a general public observers effective follows of rules and guidelines. In this way, the framework gives the base of a proficient society supplementing efficiency in a tranquil situation by following enactments economically and separately. The improvement of society is firmly interlinked with the advancement of business of an economy. The interrelation between the two out of a microenvironment (Social, affordable, political, innovative) is that of a partner. Business is the cornerstone that supplements the improvement of a general public and extras assets for important assets to allow the turn of events and government assistance of society. Up to this point, control of intensity through enactment upgrades the limit of conjuncti onal improvement for uniform headway. The perspective is endeavored to be delineated with the assistance of outline represented beneath; Two way shared comprehension of Legislation The notoriety, development, competiveness and development of society and business are reliant upon corporative adherence to enactment by the two. Lopsidedness of every unit can cast monstrous negative effect on development of microenvironment. The contemporary time is a time of fast worldwide development supporting the highlights of globalization bringing about steady advancement of customary ideas. Writer Thomas L. Friedman, in The Lexus and the Olive Tree characterizes â€Å"globalization’ as (FRIEDMAN, Thomas L., 2000): †¦the unyielding mix of business sectors, country states and advances to a degree never saw beforeâ€in a way that is empowering people, companies and country states to stretch the world over farther, quicker, more profound and less expensive than at any other time, and i n a way that is empowering the world to venture into people, enterprises, and country states farther, quicker, more profound, and less expensive than at any other time. The beginning of the investigation of International relations stimulated from the impacts of the globalization, for example, pluralism and local incorporation. Pluralism is the political way of thinking which recognizes assorted variety and supports methodological metropolitans. A general public can be viewed as pluralistic based on the reality multicultural part of the nation as a result of the inhabitants of various tastes, qualities and convictions. (HUI, John, 2011). The idea behind the detailing of the investigation of International Relations was to decide social constructivism dependent on human mindfulness as opposed to realism. (JACKSON, Robert H., S?rensen, Georg, 2007). Until now, the speculations of International Relations can be arranged into Realism, Idealism and Constructivism. The possibility that sett le the extent of the three fields is the projection of the ground idea of intensity and its execution in the social world. Authenticity; The school of researchers that help authenticity hypothesis sneak peaks International relations as revolutionary, which reads and propose model for circulation of intensity among states. (GRIFFITHS, Martin, 1999) Idealism: The hypothesis of vision underlines on law and a law administrative body that advocates the interdependency of the elements of regular intrigue and values and infers center around normal interests. Constructivism: This hypothesis expresses that each nation have its different state dependent on political culture, approaches and history.

List of countries for Obscure Country Project Research Paper

Rundown of nations for Obscure Country Project - Research Paper Example It was in this year that the nation picked up freedom from Ethiopia. The autonomy was the resultant of a choice wherein almost 100 percent of Eritreans upheld division from Ethiopia. Well before this in the year 1890 Eritrea fell under the pioneer rule of Italy. Turning into a region of Italian East Africa in the year 1936. The Ethiopian powers held hands with the Britishers to remove the Italians from the nation and assumed control over its charge in the year 1941. The British principle over the state under the UN Mandate proceeded for just about ten years. Eritrea was given exclusively under the alliance of Ethiopia after this. Autonomy from this standard has offered ascend to the current day Eritrea. The domain of Eritrea has gone under questions much after its autonomy. An argument about Hanish Islands and angling rights in the Red Sea emitted with the nation of Yemen in the year 1995. This contention was settled after the interruption of UN. Both the nations followed the organiz ation’s decision. In the year 1998 a regional clash ejected with Ethiopia. A truce in the year 2000 was trailed by an intervention choice made by a limit commission that spoke to both the nations. This choice has not been executed upon up 'til now and hence the contention has stayed uncertain to date. Since the year 2005 3,300 troupes have been conveyed at the shared fringe of both the nations by the UN over a range of 25km on the Eritrean land. (History of the Nations). Geology AND NATURAL HABITAT The area of Eritrea is 15 °Ã‚ N; 39 °Ã‚ E. The neighboring countries of Eritrea are Djibouti, Ethiopia and Sudan. The coastline of t state is 1151 km long. The fringes that interface the neighboring countries have the accompanying lengths: With Ethiopia the outskirt length is 912 km the fringe length with Djibouti is 113 km lastly that with Sudan is 605km. The ocean furthest reaches that goes under the domain of Eritrea is 12 km long. The ocean that this nation outskirts is the Red Sea. The Total zone of the nation is 124,320 square kilometers. The time region of the countries of 3 hours in front of Greenwich Mean Time. The geology of the nation can be isolated into the general classes of a bone-dry limited swamp strip along the red ocean, the north-focal district (this locale is an augmentation of the Ethiopian Plateau and is dismembered by streams valleys) and the fields on the west that fringe Sudan. The most noteworthy point in the Country’s physical locale is at Emba Soira. The absolute bottom of the landscape is in Denakil Depression which is along the Red Sea. At certain spots, this downturn is 130 km beneath ocean level. (MongaBay 2006). The significant streams of the nation incorporate Setit River. This waterway comes into Eritrea in the wake of going through Ethiopia and afterward passes onto Sudan later on. There are different waterways too yet they are normally dried and live just in the stormy season. Names of these streams incorporate Anseba, Barka and Mareb. Its occupants are racially, socially and phonetically Tigrayan. The number of inhabitants in the nation reaced 4.3 million in the year 2004. These measurements are as per the investigations of the UN. About 120,000 Eritreans are living as exiles in the province of Sudan. Around 20 percent of the country’s populace lives in the urban regions while the remainder of them live in the provincial territories. Assets The common assets of the country includeâ precious components and minerals like copper, salt, gold, potash, zinc. (Eritrea Economic Statistics and Indicators 2011). Normal

How Does Bronte Create Tension free essay sample

This leaves us dubious of the too pure circumstance in which Jane goes out. The principal expression of her walk, â€Å"The ground was hard, the air was still, my street was lonely† helps a feeling of premonition through the negative affiliations infused into every one of the words through utilization of a tricolon. Whenever taken as a representation of Jane Eyre’s circumstance we can even now perceive how critical it is, with no cash/individual property (hard ground), no movement (despite everything air) and no associations or genuine companions (forlorn street). This extraordinary change in our recognition makes strain and tension, leaving us thinking about whether this premonition is foretelling another defeat. In the following sentence there is a strange word, ‘brooding’, a word with evil implications, unacceptable for portraying a picturesque, quiet walk. At the point when combined with the word ‘pleasure’ it makes an ironic expression promoting the disarray and expectation of something occurring. We will compose a custom exposition test on How Does Bronte Create Tension or then again any comparable point explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page Another model making this impact is ‘glided a dog’; the term ‘glide’ will in general allude to powerful animal like phantoms which could be a reference to the red room experience. In the accompanying section every positive, elucidating word is twinned with a word that decreases its typical impact, for instance ‘low-gliding’ and ‘pale-beaming’. These unobtrusive indications at a weakening of conditions don't go unnoticed. A last unfavorable component of the general condition is the quiet, ‘far and wide, on each side, there were just fields, where no cows currently perused. ’ The consideration of ‘now’ leaves us pondering when, what and why there was a move in position. A very disheartening component that outcomes from Jane’s consideration while out is he way that she scolds herself for her overactive creative mind, ‘in those day I was youthful and a wide range of likes splendid and dim rented my psyche among other trash. ’ This disappreciation, and basic loss of her delightful, adolescent soul lead us to think about what conflict the poor young lady has experienced to show up to this state and whether the defining moment among kid and grown-up could be drawing closer. Bronte represents this strain by flicking between two components of the story which draws out the methodology of the ‘metallic clatter’, a picture so expelled from nature.

Miep Gies Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Miep Gies - Essay Example he point of this article is to see if the activities of Miep Gies are considered as a courageous deed or as a disloyalty comparable to the pioneers of her nation. Miep Gies was conceived in Vienna, and her underlying name was Hermine Santroushits. Among other Austrian kids experiencing ailing health in the troublesome years after World War I, she was sent to the Netherlands, where her non-permanent parents gave her another name Miep. In 1933, a lady came to work for an organization of Otto Frank, who fled to the Netherlands from Germany. It was the tough situations. Ruud van Der Rol wrote in his book: â€Å"By the year Anny Frank was conceived, life in Germany had gotten hard. Neediness and joblessness were at an unsurpassed high and most Germans were disappointed with their government† (1995, 16). In May 1940, the Nazis involved the Netherlands, and started the mistreatment of the Jews. Straight to the point realized that later on, the circumstance would just deteriorate. Miep helped the Franks family and a few other Dutch with her better half Ian, notwithstanding the genuine hazard, from 6 July 1942 until August 4, 1944, when the Gest apo found the sanctuary. They snatched the Franks - guardians and their two little girls together with four other concealing Jews and sent them to the killing camps for persevering. From that point onward, Miep Gies found the safe house of Anne Franks journal, who was 15 years of age at the hour of the capture and who later kicked the bucket of typhus in the inhumane imprisonment of Bergen-Belsen. It is accepted that the Franks were the casualties of a trickster. After the war even an extraordinary examination was done, which brought about finding of a few suspects, however it was difficult to recognize the swindler. Miep Gies kept the original copy and didn't peruse it until when Annes father returned. Otto Frank †was the main overcomer of the family. He distributed the journal in 1947, and it got one of the most celebrated and noteworthy reports about the barbarities of extremism. The account of Anna Frank unquestionably gives an exhibition

How I Lost My Love of Reading and Found Myself Again

How I Lost My Love of Reading and Found Myself Again I had to drive my love of reading far away in order to find myself again. Im no stranger to reading slumps, but Im grateful for my current pause from reading. My slump isnt so bad right nowâ€"only going on since January after end-of-the-year burnout to meet my reading challengeâ€"and Ive definitely suffered longer ruts, like the Great Year-Long Reading Slump of 2015. But this time, not feeling jazzed about books has been an eye-opening reckoning with my existence and purpose as an artist and creator. (Yeah, that epic!) It wasnt until this year, when I lost my love of reading yet again, that I realized I had found comparably satisfying parts of myself that I had buried under books and jeopardized my ability to tap into my creative side. My reading slump? It saved my artists soul. art: the luna bar of my soul Books are core to my identity. Stories, narratives, books, and tales, have filled my life and been my  raison dêtre  as far back as I can remember. Dealing with depression and social anxiety at an early age made me retreat into books. Living down the block from our towns public library gave me limitless opportunities to explore the world of books. And my father, an English teacher, brought literature into my home. As a teen, I was very open to exploring different arts. I acted in plays. I painted for hours after school. I drew a comic for the student newspaper. I sang in chorus and played alto saxophone in band. I was introduced to obscure art movies and the Criterion Collection through Fine Films Club. I flirted with the idea of going to culinary school. I knitted scarves and crocheted washcloths. And of course, I wrote: poems, mostly, but also short stories and essays. It might seem unfocused at fist glanceâ€"typical overachiever, scattered attentionâ€"but in retrospect, it was one big, homogenous creative explosion when I was open to art in every sense, both consuming art and crafting some of it myself. Books were surely a passion of mine, yet in my mind they were all part of the same fuel that fed my artistically hungry soul. I was famished. Art fed me. But if you found yourself in that story, then you know what comes next. You cant do everything in college, even if you try. If I could have actually majored in all the things I declared at one point or anotherâ€"Classics, Philosophy, American Studies, German, History, and moreâ€"it still wouldnt have satisfied me. In the endâ€"inevitablyâ€"I settled on English. Lucky for me, my schools English Department was an incredibly supportive, intellectually challenging hub that helped me focus on literature and never quite look back. Following graduation, I thought about other careers, but I always fell back on something involving books, reading, and writing. my big, bookish existential crisis Then: 2014. After beginning library grad school, book blogging, and book reviewing in the same year, I entered the dreaded year-long book slump in 2015. By this point, my DNA was so entirely woven into books   that any slump resonated deep inside like the aching vibration of a cello string pulled taut but never released. Books were no longer my rush-hour escape, they were my life, professionally. The longer I went without finishing a book made me more and more anxious. My bipolar disorder made it so much worseâ€"depression sunk me so far down I couldnt love anything, especially books, and mania drove insatiable, all-nighter binge-reading that left me burned out. But the existential crisis bothered me most snuck up when I couldnt sleep. What if I wasnt a reader, after all? What if I couldnt be a writer? Did I really have what it took to bring it and compete on this level as a reader, blogger, and aspiring writer? Maybe a bookish writing life doesnt seem as outwardly intense as some professions, it does require a certain rigor, and an undying, unwavering love for reading. I didnt always have that, and that made me doubt myself and my purpose. from the page to the stage: literature = art After I overdid it on reading at the end of 2017, I entered 2018 in a calmer state. One grey weekday afternoon, I decided what I needed to do most that empty day was go see a movieâ€"perks of being a freelancerâ€"and felt a  renewed love for cinema and film. For years, Id been avoiding the movies after a series of panic attacks in the theater pushed me away from my former passion. From there, I brought out my art box again and started painting, mixed media and illustration. I sketched. I brainstormed a comic. I went to museums. I struck up an interest in fashion and beauty and taking each day as an opportunity to inhabit a new woman, a new character, just like I was on stage again. I started to craft more, going beyond my limited knowledge of knitting scarves and exploring sewing. My neglected books were repurposed in organization and interior design experiments. And most of all, I developed recipes for my food blog, seeing each time I stepped into the kitchen as a chance to use ever y bit of creativity to improvise something new in a vivid sensory experience. Writing a recipe was like writing a novel. The void in my life that has come with the reading slump has been filled by an intense love for art in all its forms like an echo in my soul. While Im not reading at the rate I hoped this year, at least not yet, I have felt more connected to the books I have read. A greater sense of concentration rather than scattering my attention among several and giving into the pressure I put upon myself to read as much as possible. Even more encouraging is Ive felt myself engage with reading on a deeper level. Im finally starting to read a book and appreciate at it as a piece of art again, not just another digit on my reading challenge tally. What I watch on the movie screen also informs my reading. Re-watching  Fantastic Mr. Fox  plunged me back into reading Roald Dahl and other authors of childrens literature who inspired me to begin my MFA program in writing for children and young adults. Watching  Donnie Darko (2001) and  Office Space (1999) made me revisit books that were published around t he turn of the millennium. All that time in the kitchen made me reach for my cookbooks again and start thinking about each recipe as a short story plus actually reading the stories the chef-authors included. What Im most excited about is that my creative block has melted and Ive been writing work thats more alive than I have written in ages, edgier and fresher, with immediacy I havent reached in years. I also scrutinized my unhealthy relationship to reading. For so long, Ive been chasing numbers with my reading, pushing myself to read as much as I can, at whatever cost, even if I was burned out, and even if I was reading some uninspiring books that I couldnt break away from and risk losing my momentum. I was reading in name only, not grappling with the beauty of a book, not lost in the intoxicating wonder of literature. My eyes were grazing the letters, but I wasnt really stacking them together to see a work of art that someone built out of that alphabet. Lately, Im happy to say Ive been finishing books more often, enjoying my trips to the library, and feeling more connected to the book world and community of readers who foster a passion for pages. And I credit my slump. This experience has taught me just how interconnected art is to other art, and how nurturing your love for other arts can only help you engage with literature more.

Dickens’ account of identity - Literature Essay Samples

While facets of Oliver’s identity are indisputably innate, such as his morality and one dimensional goodness, the majority of his identity and that of those around him are socially constructed and enforced upon them. Oliver’s own face, an attribute completely uninfluenced by society acts as a symbol of his childish purity and innocence. While essentially already labelled as a thief, Oliver’s face is enough to convince Mr Brownlow otherwise. ‘There is something in that face.’ ‘Can he be innocent?’ Dickens’s use of italicized ‘Can’ suggests the strength of the identity constructed and imposed upon the boy within the few hours of knowing him. The idea of this street thief’s innocence is met with significant disbelief from a character who’s used by Dickens’s as the only voice of judgement, reason and wisdom. The juxtaposition between the innocence emanated by something as obvious and unmissable such a s Oliver’s face and the flimsy accusations of his guilt by the court expose the absurdity and absolute irrelevance of any socially constructed identities, especially those concocted in the trial scene yet also reveals their strength and prevalence. Of course, Oliver’s guilt cannot be decided on his face or looks but this line of argument could suggest the way in which utilitarian institutions such as the poorhouse or the court are overlooking or building over personality and identity. In both cases, Oliver’s name was given to him, thereby constructed for him, ‘Oliver Twist’ then ‘Tom White’. As a child and when sick, Oliver was unable to shape his own identity and so it was assumed for him. ‘To name something is to begin to exercise control over it.’ And so not only is Oliver’s identity constructed but it is also enforced by utilitarians around him for example the identity of Oliver Twist given by Mr Bumble of the poor, lowly and insignificant child is maintained through violence and verbal abuse. This begins to touch on one of the issues of the period following the industrial revolution, explained by Southey ‘a system [manufacturing] of actual servitude†¦ w hich destroys the bodies and degrades the minds of those engaged in it’. This is not a sentiment limited to the manufacturing industry and Southey goes on to refer to the class system as that of the ‘feudal ages’. The identity of Oliver and other’s like him are being crushed for personal profit, a crime also committed by Fagin, or by ignorance in a society flooding with capitalism and utilitarianism. This satisfies Juliet John’s claim that Oliver Twist acts as a ‘riposte to utilitarian philosophy.’ It forms a social critique illuminating the extent to which identities creates by stereotype and by society are stronger than any other even in front of a supposedly ‘legal’ system and the complete disregard for Oliver’s identity as a person, commodified to little more than an object, as seen in his abusive past and sale to the undertaker. This also forms part of Dickens’s social protest against the Poor Law amendme nt Act of 1834 and the practice of baby farming. This was utilitarian in essence as it became centralized, consistent and avoided raising taxes which would have been unpopular as sensed in Macauley’s review. Upon entrance, it is described as a ‘dirty court’ although this forms part of a description of the appearance of the court it would not be unlikely to suggest that Dickens was also making a remark towards the legality, morality or respectability of the establishment. The setting of the grotesque and dirty building becomes a symbol of unjust repression of true justice and identity and so Dickens’s social commentary also seems to extend to the institution of the legal systems as well as the poor law system. Interestingly, these institutions of care and justice which would supposedly be inherently good have become corrupt, especially juxtaposed against the unmistakeable inherent goodness of Twist. However, that is not to say Oliver is the worst or only victim of socially constructed identities. Oliver already has far more of an innate identity by having a last name unlike Nancy, even though it was constructed by wider society. Like Oliver, Nancy’s identity is mostly constructed by those around her but she suffers even more so that the identity opposed on her is that of being ‘no one.’ Far from the struggle of whether her identity is innate or socially constructed, her identity is largely ambiguous and to some extent non-existent (like many of Dickens’s female characters.) Nancy is also a symbol of commodification, as a prostitute, she is entirely degraded to an object or tool by those around her. ‘Nobody around here knows anything about you’ Not only does Fagin use Nancy, she is also devoid of any identity or social presence. In a similar fashion to Oliver, her abuse leaves her without identity and in complete subservience to the wills a nd identities of others. Sykes’ abuse seems to have left her with ‘only one feeling of the woman left.’ It appears the only remainder of her innate identity is her womanhood which is only the most basic fundamental of anyone’s identity. She does however possess a strong constructed identity, constructed by her abuse, and that is of love and loyalty for Sykes. ‘If I knew I was to die by his hand at last.’ She completely conforms to her constructed identity, by Sykes and by society’s view of prostitution, as an object to fulfill any will of a man. In fact, women as a whole in Oliver Twist seem to possess very little identity whatsoever. Miss Rose Maylie’s identity also seems to be entirely socially constructed as unlike Nancy she adheres entirely to patriarchal conventions, that of the feminine, delicate and motherly figure. Her innate identity seems to match the socially constructed ideal of identity which poses the question, does she have any innate identity at all? Her personality and identity seems entirely socially constructed, even the ending gives her the socially constructed identity of the young and happily married woman. This is argued as the influence of the death of Dickens’s sister, who’s devastating loss led Dickens to create a range of idealized, young women. Therefore her identity is further limited as it was hardly even Dickens’s intention to give her any sort of identity, her role is only that of an archetype and idealized stereotype. On the contrary, characters with more agency such as Fagin and the Artful Dodger have identities that seem to be more innate. Dickens’s Oliver Twist with its anti Semitic resonances seem to imply that the socially constructed identity of the Jew, that of the miserly criminal, is the identity that is innate in Fagin. Unlike Maylie, who under patriarchal circumstances is more likely to have adapted her innate personality to match that which society expects of her, Dickens seems to imply that certain social views of Jews were correct and naturally inherent to Jews. Dickens confirmed this anti Semitic sentiment saying ‘that the class of criminal almost invariably was a Jew.’ Dickens’s also taps into traditional grotesque imagery of Jews as the antichrist or killers of young innocent children with the objects of the jewels and the bread knife which serve as symbols of criminality and danger. ‘Oliver could see that the knife quivered in the air.’ The verb quivered not only gives the knife a sense of movement and tension which suggests danger but also mirrors the vulnerability and fear of young Oliver. Dickens really does elevate Fagin’s identity to that of the worst constructed ideas about Jewry doing the Victorian era. The Artful Dodger, throughout the courtroom scene, fails to conform to the identity constructed and labelled upon him by the judge. Instead, his identity, although essentially a lie, is defined by his innate wit and humor. He does not succumb to the stereotype imposed on him at all. His repetitive questioning and exclamatory sentences create a sense of confidence in his identity and pride even when it is at its most threatened. ‘I’m an Englishman ain’t I?’ ‘Where are my priwileges?’ He is entirely certain of his identity, even though it may be false â€Å"‘spectable circle of acquaintance†. His pattern of speech, starkly contrasted against the formal la nguage of court ‘A pick-pocketing case, your worship.’ is a reminder of his innate class identity. Whereas Oliver switches easily between his middle class and criminal life through the changing of his clothes, the Dodger is a completely consistent character which does not change regardless of which circle of society he resides in. Perhaps, however, his inevitable being found guilty symbolizes an inability to stay true to your own innate identity and that perhaps the identity constructed by wider society will always win and takeover in the end. It is likely the judge had made up his mind about the Dodger’s guilt before even considering the case at hand. To conclude, the extent to which characters’ identities are socially constructed seems very dependent on Dickens’s own personal views. Oliver’s own limited identity filled with feelings of alienation and sadness seem to stem from Dickens’s years in the blacking factory, both Oliver and Dickens never really accepted their unfortunate beginning in life and struggled with forming their own innate identity. While Oliver’s identity was mostly constructed, his innate goodness and morality is so prevalent it overshadows and overcomes all identities forced upon him. ‘The boy had firmly resolved that whether he died or not, he would make one effort to to dart upstairs from the hall’ in order to warn the people Sykes would have him rob. This decision was made in ‘short time’ reminding us that Oliver’s innate and natural response is always goodness even if it risks his life. Moreover his firm resolve shows a remarkable strength of character despite his hardships and determination in the face of possible death. Therefore, Oliver’s overarching identity, although his class, job, home or parentage may change is entirely innate. Works Cited Econlib.org. (2017). Macaulay, Southeys Colloquies on Society | Library of Economics and Liberty. [online] Available at: http://www.econlib.org/library/Essays/macS1.html John, J. (2006). Charles Dickenss Oliver Twist. London: Routledge. Vanden Bossche, C. (1991). Carlyle and the search for authority. Columbus, Ohio: Ohio State University Press.